在过去的一年里,石油和天然气的价格均大幅下跌,原因是2023年冬季天气比预期温和以及需求弱于预期 低水平能源价格可能刚刚将全球经济从危机中拯救出来,尽管加息的实际影响尚未显现 欧元区在去年年底成功避免了经济收缩,看起来今年也将避免经济衰退,甚至可能实现经济增长 中国石化新闻网讯 据油价网2023年3月13日报道,今年石油和天然气价格的下跌将限制全球经济下滑,尤其是在欧洲,人们对经济衰退和通胀飙升的担忧已经消退。 目前,石油价格在每桶80美元左右的窄幅波动,低于2022年春季的每桶100美元以上,一度达到每桶120美元。由于能源节约、需求减少、库存远高于平均水平以及今年冬季大部分时间天气温和,欧洲天然气价格处于18个月来的低点。欧洲经济在过去几个月里的表现好于去年秋季的预期,这也是由于能源价格对工业生产和消费者信心的负担减轻了。 在美国,天剑狂刀页游,经济形势更为微妙,但消费者近几个月在加油站感到宽慰,相比之下,去年驾车季开始时,普通汽油的价格创下了每加仑超过5美元的历史新高。随着新的驾驶季节的临近,汽油支出可能会大幅下降,从而节省在其他商品和服务上的支出。 然而,分析师们表示,在其他项目上的支出可能会继续使通胀保持在高于美联储预期的水平,而利率上升对消费者财务和抵押贷款支付的实际影响尚未完全体现出来。考虑到人们预期美联储不会停止加息——甚至可能最快在本月底恢复加息50个基点——消费者还没有看到利率对他们今年消费意愿的全面影响。 不过,经济学家对《华尔街日报》说,近几个月来,能源价格的下跌帮助了大西洋两岸的经济。 伦敦凯投宏观首席经济学家尼尔·希尔林对《华尔街日报》表示:“就欧洲宏观经济前景而言,这有多么重要,怎么说都不为过。” 人们担心欧洲将在去年最后一个季度陷入经济衰退,但欧洲在去年年底成功避免了经济收缩。最新的中期预测显示,欧元区今年也将避免经济衰退,并设法实现小幅经济增长,这也是由于地缘政治冲突以及随后全球能源贸易发生重大变化后,能源价格低于2022年春夏季节。 欧盟委员会2月份略微下调了对欧盟经济的通胀预测,并上调了今年的经济增长前景,称欧盟经济今年将避免衰退。 作为欧洲最大的经济体,德国目前预计今年经济将增长0.2%,而此前的预测为萎缩0.6%。欧盟经济专员保罗·真蒂洛尼在评论2023年冬季经济预测时表示:“能源价格下降、供应链逐步调整以及对家庭和企业的政策支持推动了这一重大转变。” 真蒂洛尼指出:“进入2023年,欧盟经济的基础比预期的更健康,看起来将避免衰退。” 真蒂洛尼说,但是,如果美国的利率上升速度完全赶上经济活动的速度,那么美国也有可能无法避免经济衰退。 惠誉评级公司上周在其最新的《全球经济展望》(GEO)报告中表示,自去年12月以来,全球今年的经济增长前景已显著改善。 “但加息对实体经济的影响仍未显现,很可能在今年晚些时候将美国经济推入衰退。”惠誉评级公司补充称。 这是自地缘政治冲突以来,惠誉评级公司首次上调其对未来一年的全球经济增长预测。惠誉评级公司指出,近期前景的改善反映出需求市场重新开放、欧洲天然气危机得到实质性缓解,以及美国消费者需求的短期弹性令人惊讶。 但惠誉评级公司警告称,美联储和欧洲央行加息的滞后效应将在今年晚些时候和明年显现。 惠誉评级公司首席经济学家布莱恩·库尔顿表示说:“各国央行现在正迅速釜底抽薪。对实体经济的影响变得更加明显只是时间问题。” 李峻 编译自 油价网 原文如下: Significant Drop In Oil And Gas Price May Have Saved The Global Economy · The price of both oil and natural gas have fallen substantially in the past year, thanks to a milder-than-expected winter and weaker-than-expected demand. · These low energy prices may just have saved the global economy from crisis, although the real impact of interest rate hikes is yet to be felt. · The Eurozone managed to avoid contraction at the end of last year and looks like it will avoid recession this year and may even manage economic growth. The drop in oil and natural gas prices this year will limit the global economic downturn, especially in Europe where fears of recession and galloping inflation have subsided. Oil prices are currently trading in a tight range around the low $80s per barrel, down from over $100, and at one point $120 per barrel, in the spring of last year. Natural gas prices in Europe are at an 18-month low thanks to energy savings, demand destruction, well-above-average inventories, and milder weather for most of this winter. Europe’s economy has held up better in the past months than expected in the autumn, also due to the lower burden of energy prices on industrial production and consumer confidence. In the United States, the economic picture is more nuanced, but consumers have felt relief at the pump in recent months, compared to the record highs of over $5 per gallon of regular gasoline at the start of last year’s driving season. As the new driving season approaches, spending on gasoline could be much lower, leaving savings for spending on other goods and services. Yet, analysts say that spending on other items could continue to keep inflation higher than the Fed would have wanted, while the real impact of the rising interest rates on consumer finances and mortgage payments has yet to be fully felt. Considering the expectations that the Fed will not stop with rate hikes – and could even return to a 50-basis-point hike as soon as the end of this month – consumers are yet to see the full impact of the interest rates on their intentions to spend this year. However, the drop in energy prices has helped economies on both sides of the Atlantic in recent months, economists tell The Wall Street Journal. “It’s difficult to overstate how important this is in terms of the macroeconomic outlook for Europe,” Neil Shearing, chief economist at Capital Economics in London, told the Journal. |
